How to say
How to say können, müssen, sollen, nicht dürfen
In English modal verbs are used to say this.
You use modal verbs + infinitive without to
Example: John can read French books.
| Modalverb |
modal verb |
| können |
can (present) |
| nicht können |
cannot (present) |
| (nicht) können |
(not) be able to (other tenses) e.g. simple past: he was able to go there; will-future: she won´t be able to go there |
| könnte/könnte nicht |
could/couldn´t |
| dürfen |
may (present) |
| nicht dürfen |
may not (present) |
| (nicht) dürfen |
(not) be allowed to (other tenses) e.g. present perfect: John has never been allowed to stay out after 10 p.m. |
| dürfte/dürfte nicht |
might/might not |
| müssen |
must (present) |
| nicht müssen |
needn´t (present) |
| (nicht)müssen |
(not) have to (other tenses) e.g. You didn´t have to do this. |
| sollen |
should |
| nicht sollen |
shouldn´t |
| nicht dürfen |
mustn´t , not be allowed to |
Special: might (vielleicht)
He might not come to the concert – Er kommt vielleicht nicht zu dem Konzert
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